Showing posts with label Richard Florida. Show all posts
Showing posts with label Richard Florida. Show all posts

Saturday, February 14, 2009

Richard Florida: How the Crash Will Reshape America

The Atlantic Cover story by Richard Florida: "How the Crash Will Reshape America" is full of the authors' fascinating insights about economic geography and regional development patterns in the context of the current economic and financial crisis.

“No place in the United States is likely to escape a long and deep recession. Nonetheless, as the crisis continues to spread outward from New York, through industrial centers like Detroit, and into the Sun Belt, it will undoubtedly settle much more heavily on some places than on others. Some cities and regions will eventually spring back stronger than before. Others may never come back at all. As the crisis deepens, it will permanently and profoundly alter the country’s economic landscape. I believe it marks the end of a chapter in American economic history, and indeed, the end of a whole way of life.”

Florida does not deal specifically with the Denver Region in the text of the story, instead focusing more attention on places like New York, the Rust Belt and California, but many of his insights are very relevant for the Front Range.

"In fact, as I described in an earlier article for this magazine (“The World Is Spiky,” October 2005 [link opens PDF]), place still matters in the modern economy—and the competitive advantage of the world’s most successful city-regions seems to be growing, not shrinking. To understand how the current crisis is likely to affect different places in the United States, it’s important to understand the forces that have been slowly remaking our economic landscape for a generation or more....

The ability of different cities and regions to attract highly educated people—or human capital—has diverged, according to research by the Harvard economists Edward Glaeser and Christopher Berry, among others. Thirty years ago, educational attainment was spread relatively uniformly throughout the country, but that’s no longer the case. Cities like Seattle, San Francisco, Austin, Raleigh, and Boston now have two or three times the concentration of college graduates of Akron or Buffalo. Among people with postgraduate degrees, the disparities are wider still. The geographic sorting of people by ability and educational attainment, on this scale, is unprecedented. "
The interactive maps showing different aspects of economic geography such as patent production, income and population are fascinating and worth exploring. They help reinforce two of the Denver Region's two key characteristics: its spatial isolation and economic vitality. Its particularly striking to see how potent, the Front Range's two college towns, Boulder and Fort Collins have been as patent generators. This clearly bodes well for the region's future economic health.

Tuesday, March 11, 2008

The Denver Region in Richard Florida's "Who is Your City?"

I mentioned Richard Florida in two recent blog posts (here and here). Florida, currently a Professor of Business and Creativity at the Rotman School of Management at the University of Toronto, is a well known public intellectual who specializes in issues of economic competitiveness and the role of social and demographic trends in place-making and economic development.

He has a new book titled Who's Your City? which delves into how people make location decisions. Part economic development tome and part self-help guide, this book and its associated web site, take Florida's academic work and makes it applicable and useful for everyday Americans thinking about a relocation decision.

The Who's Your City? web site has several very interesting features including a "Best Cities" section and a series of graphic maps. In the Best Cities section among small regions, Boulder is ranked as a top 5 city for young singles, mid-career professionals, families with children and empty-nesters and Denver is ranked as a top 5 large region for mid-career professionals.

The maps are also very interesting, showing how real estate prices, economic activity, innovation, personality types, gender distribution, population and other factors are spread across geography. Its very interesting to see how the Denver Metropolitan Region appears on these maps. Collectively they convey how the region is a relatively remote island of activity surrounded by economically sparse parts of the country.

Sunday, February 17, 2008

Ranking Denver Using Florida's Technology, Talent and Tolerance Criteria

In my recent blog entry about Metro Denver's historical connection to the Beat Generation and ongoing concentration of Bohemians, I discussed Richard Florida's work on what he calls the creative class. Florida defines this group as:



"engaged in science and engineering, research and development, and the
technology-based industries, in arts, music, culture, and aesthetic and design
work, or in the knowledge-based professions of health care,
finance and the law." (Cities and the Creative Class, p. 3)

Additionally, Florida theorizes that three interdependent factors help explain why some economic regions have been successful in the new knowledge-based economy and others have not.


"The key to understanding the new geography of creativity and its effects on
economic outcomes lies in what I call the 3 T's of economic
development: Technology, Talent, and Tolerance. Creativity and the members of the
Creative Class take root in places that posses all three of these critical
factors. Each is a necessary, but by itself insufficient, condition. To attract
creative people, generate innovation, and stimulate economic development, a
place must have all three. I define tolerance as openness, inclusiveness, and
diversity to all ethnicities, races and walks of life. Talent is defined as
those with a bachelor's degree and above. And technology is a function of both
innovation and high technology concentrations in a region." (Cities and the
Creative Class
, p37)."


This raises the obvious question of “How does Metro Denver compare to other regions in the United States?”

The table taken below is from the Appendix in Florida’s book Cities and the Creative Class which was published in 2005 and some of the indices are likely substantially older than that. However despite the age of the data, it does provide a recent historical reference point from which to analyze Denver's economic position from a Floridian perspective.

The Tech-Pole Ranking comes from the Milken Institute and is based on a region's location quotient of high tech output. According to the Tech-Pole Index, Denver is the 13th ranked high tech region in the United States. Denver's ranking on the Tech-Growth Index (10) and Gay Index (8) are higher than its Tech-Pole Ranking but its rankings on the Composite Diversity (17) and Melting Pot (29) indices are below its Tech-Pole Rankings. Its Bohemian Index rank of 14 is very close to its Tech-Pole Index rank. These rankings seem to fit pretty well with my anecdotal understanding of Metro Denver's demographics. As an inland city, away from the coasts, Denver has a relatively small percentage of foreign-born residents.

This data also got me thinking that the college town of Boulder (also my hometown), probably plays a key role in contributing to the region's strong Tech-Pole, Tech Growth and Bohemian rankings but relatively lower diversity rankings. Boulder is part of the Denver Metro Region and is home to several national laboratories and the State of Colorado's flagship university. It also has a relatively ethnically homogenous population with a large percentage of tech companies and workers and long-standing ties to counter-cultural movements.


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